◊ Introduction

Egypt covers an area of approximately 1,001,450 sq km (386,662 sq.mi) in northeaster ran Africa it's northern coast line a long the Mediterranean sea , it's eastern coast line a long the red sea and touching the state of Israel in the Sinai , Libya shares it's western border , Sudan it's southern border.
Egypt is over whelming a desert country bisected by the River Nile . over 90 % of the land area is formed by a convergence of deserts -- the Libyan desert to the west ,the Sahara and Nubian deserts to the south and the Arabian desert to the east. there are oases scattered across this Westland and a swath of land a long the Suez canal which is cultivated , but it is mainly the land fed by the River Nile -- the Nile valley and the Nile delta that is both habitable and arable.
The Sinai peninsula is formed of sand desert and spectacular mountains rising as high as 2,637m (8,652ft) above Red sea level.
 
◊ The Nile

It is the Nile -- the father of Rivers -- that , more than any other feature of the country , characterizes Egypt. The Nile emanates from the Sudan , flowing north through the country for 1,545km (960mi), emptying into the Mediterranean sea and all a long it is course provides Egypt and her people with life and sustenance. Throughout history the Egyptian Nile valley has been defined as two distinct - regions - upper Egypt which extends south of Cairo to the Sudanese border , and lower Egypt, which encompasses the Nile Delta , which begins north of Cairo.

◊ Climate

Throughout most of the year most of Egypt is hot and dry . Alexandria and the Mediterranean coastal communities experience milder weather while the heat in Cairo and other in land areas is fierce with temperatures rising to as high as 50 c in some parts of the country. Heavy winter rains fall a long the Mediterranean coast but are less frequent in Cairo and in the interior. During the winter month's ( from November to February ), however , temperatures can fall to freezing. The spring in Egypt is generally mild but plagued by the Khamis , a hot and bitter wind that brings blinding sand and dust storms and heralds the coming of summer.


 

◊ Cairo

Cairo, Egypt, the Triumphant City, known officially as al-Qāhirah is one of the world's largest urban areas and offers many sites to see. It is the administrative capital of Egypt and, close by, is almost every Egypt Pyramid, such as the Great Pyramids of Giza on the very edge of the city. But there are also ancient temples, tombs, Christian churches, magnificent Muslim monuments, and of course, the Egyptian Antiquities Museum all either within or nearby the city. Cairo, Egypt is an amazing city full of life and movement, and it is that way almost 24 hours every day, with the noisy honking of horns, children playing in the streets and merchants selling their wears and services.

◊ Sharm El Sheikh

The simplicity of sun, sea and sand. The luxury of five-star hotels, water sports, shopping and entertainment. This is Sharm el-Sheikh, one of the most accessible and developed tourist resort communities on the Sinai peninsula. All around are Bedouins, colorful tents, mountains and sea. There are small, intimate hotels with modern designs, as well as larger hotel complexes belonging to International chains, plus about all the amenities one could expect of a tourist center, including casinos, discos and nightclubs, golf courses and health facilities. In fact, with diving and snorkeling, windsurfing and other water sports, horses and camel riding, desert safaris, and great nearby antiquities attractions, it is almost impossible for a visitor to ever suffer from boredom.

◊ Hurghada

Hurghada was founded in the early 20th century, and until a few years ago, remained a small fishing village. But today, it has gone on to become the foremost tourist resort of the Red Sea coast and an international center for aquatic sports. If it takes place in or on the water you can do it here: windsurfing, sailing, deep-sea fishing, swimming, but, above all, snorkeling and diving. The unique underwater gardens offshore are some of the finest in the world, justifiably famous amongst divers. The warm waters here are ideal for many varieties of rare fish and coral reefs, which may also be observed through glass bottom boats. This area has many fine accommodations, usually offering warm and efficient service. Restaurants are mostly along the main road. While in Hurghada, don't miss the museum and aquarium, with their complete collections of flora and fauna of the Red Sea. 
 

◊ Aswan

Aswan, Egypt's sunniest southern city and ancient frontier town located about 81 miles south of Luxor, has a distinctively African atmosphere. Its ancient Egyptian name was Syene. Small enough to walk around and graced with the most beautiful setting on the Nile, the pace of life is slow and relaxing. Days can be spent strolling up and down the broad Corniche watching the sailboats etch the sky with their tall masts or sitting in floating restaurants listening to Nubian music and eating freshly caught fish.

◊ Luxor

Luxor has often been called the worlds greatest open air museum, as indeed it is and much more. The number and preservation of the monuments in the Luxor area are unparalleled anywhere else in the world that know of. Actually, what most people think of as Luxor is really three different areas, consisting of the City of Luxor on the East side of the Nile, the town of Karnak just north of Luxor and Thebes, which the ancient Egyptians called Waset, which is on the west side of the Nile across from Luxor. To say that the Luxor area is a major attraction for tourists in Egypt would be an understatement. It has been a tourist destination since the beginning of tourism. Even in ancient times, during the late Dynasties of the Greek and Roman periods, the area drew tourists, and has been doing so ever since. Today Luxor is well equipped to accommodate tourists with many hotels and in general a tourist industry ready and willing to serve the people from many countries that descend on this area of the Nile Valley every year